The term psychogenic dystonia refers to the uncommon but well-documented situation where dystonia is secondary to psychological disturbances.
Importantly, in all but the most unusual cases, the process is completely subconscious. The individual is not consciously aware of causing the abnormal movements.
In most cases only an experienced movement disorder expert can identify the subtle aspects of an individual’s history and physical examination that support a psychogenic cause for the symptoms.
Psychogenic dystonia is considered a form of “conversion disorder.” The underlying psychiatric disturbance varies from patient to patient.
The diagnosis of psychogenic dystonia can be exceedingly difficult. Secondary dystonias and psychogenic dystonias, in particular, may have similar characteristics.
Cases of psychogenic dystonia may account for less than 3% of all dystonia patients.
The best course of treatment may be a combination of medication and psychotherapy under the care of a team of professional, for example a movement disorder expert, a psychiatrist, and a counselor who specializes in cognitive-behavior techniques.