Quick Facts about Oromandibular Dystonia

• Oromandibular dystonia (OMD) is a focal dystonia.

• Symptoms include forceful contractions of the face, jaw, and/or tongue causing difficulty in opening and closing the mouth and often affecting chewing and speech.

• Treatments may include botulinum toxin injections, oral medications, and complementary therapies including speech and/or swallowing therapies.

• Oromandibular dystonia may be primary or secondary.

• Another word used to describe dystonia of this kind is cranial dystonia.

• Dystonia that affects the facial muscles and lips of musicians who play wind instruments is called embouchure dystonia.

• Dystonia that specifically affects the tongue is called lingual dystonia.

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