Neurological and Metabolic Diseases
Dystonia can occur as a part of the following disorders and conditions:
Cerebrovascular or ischemic injury (stroke)
Arteriovenous malformation
Perinatal cerebral injury
Viral encephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
AIDS
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Kernicterus
Huntington’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
Spinocerebellar ataxias
HARP syndrome (Hypobetalipoproteinemia, acanthocytosis, retinitis pigmentosa, pallidal degeneration)
Familial frontotemporal dementias
Familial basal ganglia calcifications
Wilson’s disease
Juvenile parkinsonism
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1
Ataxia-telangiectasia
Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency
Vitamin E deficiency
Biopterin deficiency
Sphingolipidoses
Niemann-Pick disease type C and D
Ceroid lipofuscinosis
Homocystinuria
Hartnup disease
Methylmalonic aciduria
Tyrosinaemia
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Rett’s syndrome
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
Dystonia-deafness syndrome
MERRF (myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers)
MELAS (myopathy, mitochondrial-encephalopathy-lactic acidosis-stroke)
Leber’s disease
Leigh’s syndrome
Neuroacanthocytosis
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
Haemochromatosis
Progressive supranuclear palsy
Multiple system atrophy
Corticobasal ganglionic degeneration
Dentatorubropalidoluysian atrophy
Glutaric academia
Methylmalonic academia
Homocystinuria
Metachromatic leukodystrophy
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Primary antiphospholipid antobidy syndrome
Gangliosidoses
Hallervorden-Spatz disease
Multiple sclerosis
Atlantoaxial sublaxation
Syringomyelia
Arnold-Chiari malformation
Congenital Klippel-Feil syndrome
Cerebrovascular or ischemic injury (stroke)
Arteriovenous malformation
Perinatal cerebral injury
Viral encephalitis
Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis
AIDS
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease
Kernicterus
Huntington’s disease
Parkinson’s disease
Spinocerebellar ataxias
HARP syndrome (Hypobetalipoproteinemia, acanthocytosis, retinitis pigmentosa, pallidal degeneration)
Familial frontotemporal dementias
Familial basal ganglia calcifications
Wilson’s disease
Juvenile parkinsonism
Neurodegeneration with brain iron accumulation type 1
Ataxia-telangiectasia
Triosephosphate isomerase deficiency
Vitamin E deficiency
Biopterin deficiency
Sphingolipidoses
Niemann-Pick disease type C and D
Ceroid lipofuscinosis
Homocystinuria
Hartnup disease
Methylmalonic aciduria
Tyrosinaemia
Lesch-Nyhan syndrome
Rett’s syndrome
Pelizaeus-Merzbacher disease
Dystonia-deafness syndrome
MERRF (myoclonus epilepsy associated with ragged-red fibers)
MELAS (myopathy, mitochondrial-encephalopathy-lactic acidosis-stroke)
Leber’s disease
Leigh’s syndrome
Neuroacanthocytosis
Neuronal intranuclear inclusion disease
Haemochromatosis
Progressive supranuclear palsy
Multiple system atrophy
Corticobasal ganglionic degeneration
Dentatorubropalidoluysian atrophy
Glutaric academia
Methylmalonic academia
Homocystinuria
Metachromatic leukodystrophy
Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinosis
Primary antiphospholipid antobidy syndrome
Gangliosidoses
Hallervorden-Spatz disease
Multiple sclerosis
Atlantoaxial sublaxation
Syringomyelia
Arnold-Chiari malformation
Congenital Klippel-Feil syndrome
To locate information about these diseases, the following resources may be helpful:
National Organization of Rare Disorders
http://www.rarediseases.org
National Institutes of Health
http://health.nih.gov
Web MD
http://www.webmd.com
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